Abstract
To carry out various exploration and prospecting works, shallow probing of the near-surface part of the earth crust is widely used. Therefore, increasing the reliability of shallow sounding results is an urgent task. The purpose of the research work is to develop a georadar antenna module with improved technical capabilities. The operating features of subsurface sensing systems using ground penetrating radars are considered. An analysis of the antennas used in georadars, which is the basic unit that determines their operational capabilities and characteristics, has been carried out. A new modified type of EH antenna has been developed. To significantly narrow the directional pattern of a vibrator EH antenna, relatively long hollow conductive cylinders are used as its structural elements, connected in series with extension inductors, which in turn ensures radiation of an electromagnetic field of maximum intensity already in the near zone of the surrounding space. The used receiving magnetic antenna with a core made of dielectric ferrimagnetic material, consisting of two extension inductors, has spatial isolation in the primary field relative to the radiating vibrator antenna. The operating principle of the proposed antenna module is described and theoretically justified. It is shown that the ferrimagnetic core serves not only to amplify the secondary (re-radiated) electromagnetic field, but also as an additional element for fine-tuning the operating modes of the EH antenna. A design option for a new antenna module for ground penetrating radar is proposed. The proposed EH antenna ensures maximum conversion of the E and H fields into the radiated primary field, and the use of a fluxgate as a receiving antenna significantly increases the sensitivity of the antenna module as a whole.
Keywords
shallow sounding, subsurface object, ground penetrating radar, broadband signal, antenna module, transmitting and receiving antennas, differential fluxgate
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