Abstract
Mechanized oil production is associated with significant power consumption. The main consumers are well pump electric drives. Due to volatile oil prices, producing companies are forced to look for ways to reduce energy costs and increase energy efficiency of well pump drives. The authors carried out the analysis of downhole sucker rod pump unit from the point of view of energy efficiency and considered the dependence of motor characteristics on cyclic loading. A well pump motor remains underloaded most of the time. Low loading impairs the efficiency and power factor. Thanks to the design features of the downhole sucker rod pump units, the load on the motor shaft varies within each swing cycle. All the parameters also change. Therefore, to perform the calculations, we need to determine the average values of effective power, efficiency and power factor of the swing cycle. Losses of the downhole sucker rod pump units also depend on the degree of balance counterweights. If the unbalance ratio of a pump unit ranges from -5% to + 5%, the power loss of the imbalance can be ignored. For large values of the unbalance factor, the power losses are determined by the graph and taken into account in the overall power consumption of the pump unit. The authors proposed the method, which makes it possible to determine the energy characteristics of the downhole sucker rod pump unit electric drive in the cyclically varying load conditions and a lack of balance. The authors also proposed analytical dependences for determining the operational efficiencies and power factor under cyclic loading. Operation modes of pump unit drives can be optimized and it will reduce specific energy consumption for pumping oil production.
Keywords
Oil well, pump, electric drive, induction motor, sucker rod pump unit, power consumption, energy efficiency, effective power, cyclic load, unbalance factor, wattmeter card.
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