Abstract
The article is devoted to the most relevant areas of brushless DC motors with fractional multi-section windings development. Theoretically, the scope of application for these electric motors can be extremely diverse. The considered type of three-phase windings has a system of concentrated coils located directly on the stator teeth. Such a winding design makes it possible to significantly reduce the size of the end parts, especially when using a regular winding, and also to significantly improve the machine cooling. On the other hand, the toothed structure of electric motors contributes to the occurrence of reactive torque pulsations. A separate problem is the use of modern isotropic and anisotropic magnetic materials, which require the development of new technologies for magnetic circuit manufacture. The current development level predetermines the modeling of the machine electromagnetic field. The article considers the design features of brushless DC motors with fractional multi-section windings intended for unmanned aerial vehicles of various purposes. An important problem is the choice of the optimal configuration for the electric motor magnetic system. The most effective magnetic systems are those with the minimum difference between the number of teeth and permanent magnets. The article analyzes the conditions under which an unbalanced force of one-sided magnetic attraction occurs. Possible variants of magnetic systems are considered and their advantages and disadvantages are presented, the most appropriate numbers of poles and teeth are determined. The ways of improving brushless DC electric motors associated with using anisotropic and amorphous soft magnetic materials in combination with high-coercivity constants based on rare-earth materials are shown. The design features of brushless DC electric motors are considered, making it possible to obtain the required characteristics to ensure high-quality operation of the machine both as part of a direct electric drive of propeller-motor groups of multicopters, and as part of an electric drive for controlling aircraft-type aircraft. Based on the obtained results, a unified approach to the design of electric motors for unmanned systems based on modern methods of modeling electromagnetic processes with step-by-step practical implementation is formed.
Keywords
brushless brushless motors, unmanned aircraft systems, magnetic system, toothed zone, multi-section windings
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