Abstract
A feature of local power plants is the proportionality of their generator power to individual consumers. Consumers can operate in the alternating mode and the starting mode. In turn, their own generators can have different prime movers and, therefore, different moments of inertia. In this case, it is necessary to assess the admissibility of both island mode and parallel operation with the power system at a significant electrical distance. It is also necessary to take into account the load operating modes in accordance with the technological process. In addition, a separate mode that requires attention is the mode of starting a large engine in island mode. For this purpose, an algorithm has been developed to analyze the possibility of operating a variable load in normal and island modes, taking into account the characteristics of the connection with the power system, the prime mover of the generator and the magnitude of the load surge. The object of the study was the power supply system of the mining industry, where synchronous motors driving ball mills act as consumers, and a gas piston engine driving a synchronous generator acts as a power source. A feature of such a system is the presence of exclusively synchronous machines, which raises the question of excitation system operating modes. The studies were carried out using the KATRAN software package for calculating transient electromechanical regimes. An analysis of the modes during parallel operation with a weak connection to the power system was carried out. The calculation results of the island mode for separate operation are also presented. The action of automatic control systems for excitation and speed of synchronous machines is taken into account. Conclusions are drawn on the admissibility of the studied modes and recommendations are given to increase the stability of the generator and load.
Keywords
local power plant, synchronous generator, variable load, generator and load stability, island mode, parallel operation with the power system, automatic excitation and speed control
1. Kothari D.P., Nagrath I.J. Power System Engineering. Second Edition. New Delhi: Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Limited, 2008.
2. Kimbark E. Sinhronnye mashiny i ustojchivost elektricheskih sistem [Synchronous machines and stability of electrical systems]. Moscow-Leningrad, Gosenergoizdat Publ., 1960. 392 p. (In Russian)
3. Zhdanov P.S. Voprosy ustojchivosti energeticheskih sistem [Issues of power system stability]. Moscow, Energy Publ., 1979. 456 p. (In Russian)
4. Meleshkin G.А., Merkuryev G.V. Ustojchivost energosistem [Stability of power systems]. Book 1. St. Petersburg, Center for training of energy personnel Publ., 2006. 369 p. (In Russian)
5. Hazarika D. New method for monitoring voltage stability condition of a bus of an interconnected power system using measurements of the bus variables. IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution. 2012, vol. 6, is. 10, pp. 977-985.doi:10.1049/iet-gtd.2011.0786
6. Shi X.F., Mu S.G. Research on Measures to Improve Stability of the Power System. Applied Mechanics and Materials. 2015, vol. 742, pp. 648-652. doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net /AMM.742.648
7. Welhazi Y., Guesmi T., Jaoued I.B., Abdallah H.H. Power System Stability Enhancement Using FACTS Controllers in Multimachine Power Systems. Journal of Electrical Systems. 2014, no. 10-3, pp. 276-291
8. Satheesh A., Manigandan T. Maintaining Power System Stability with Facts Controller using Bees Algorithm and NN. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology. 2013, vol. 49, is. 1, pp. 38-47.
9. Achitayev A.A., Udalov S.N., Yumanov M. S. Increase of inventory of adjusting generator ability in power systems with distributed generation. Elektrotekhnika. Elektrotekhnologiya. Energetika: sbornik nauchnyh trudov VII Mezhdunarodnoj nauchnoj konferencii molodyh uchenyh [Collection of scientific works of the VII International scientific conference of young scientists "Electrical engineering. Electrotechnology. Power engineering"]. Novosibirsk, NSTU Publ., 2015, pp. 8-10. (In Russian)
10. Perzhabinsky S.M., Karamov D.N., Achitaev A.A. A Model of Reliability Optimization of a Stand-Alone Electric Power System with Constraints on Dynamic Stability of the Wind Turbine. Journal of Siberian Federal University. Engineering and Technologies. 2021, no 14(1), pp. 55-71. doi: 10.17516/1999-494X-0288
11. Hramshin V.R., Nikolayev A.A., Evdokimov S.A., Kondrashova Y.N., Larina T.P. Validation of diagnostic monitoring technical state of iron and steel works transformers. Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE North West Russia Section Young Researchers in Electrical and Electronic Engineering Conference (EIConRusNW). IEEE 2016, pp. 596-600. doi: 10.1109/EIConRusNW.2016.7448253
12. Khramshin V.R., Odintsov K.E., Gubaidullin A.R., Karandaeva O.I., Kondrashova Yu.N. Analysis of the failure rate of frequency-controlled electric drives of district thermal stations during power supply disruptions. Vestnik Yuzhno-Uralskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Energetika. [Bulletin of South Ural State University. Series "Power Engineering"], 2014, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 68-79. (In Russian)
13. Kornilov G.P., Panova E.A., Varganova A.V. The Algorithm of Economically Advantageous Overhead Wires Cross Section Selection Using Corrected Transmission Lines Mathematical Models. Procedia Engineering. 2015, vol. 129, pp. 951-955. doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2015.12.142
14. Varganova A.V., Khramshin V.R., Radionov A.A. Improving Efficiency of Electric Energy System and Grid Operating Modes: Review of Optimization Techniques. Energies. 2022, vol. 15, no. 19, 7177. doi:10.3390/en15197177
15. Ilyushin P.V., Kulikov A.L. Avtomatika upravleniya norialnymi i avariynymi rezhimami energorayonov s raspredelennoy generatsiey [Automation of control of normal and emergency modes of energy regions with distributed generation]. Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration Publ., 2019. 364 p. (In Russian)
16. Gurevich Yu.E., Ilyushin P.V. Osobennosti raschetov rezhimov v energorayonakh s raspredelennoy generatsiey [Features of mode calculations in energy ranges with distributed generation]. Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration Publ., 2018. 280 p. (In Russian)
17. Gazizova O.V., Varganova A.V., Malafeev A.V. Taking into account the static stability of synchronous generators in the problem of planning optimal modes of own power plants based on reactive power. Vestnik Yuzhno-Uralskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Energetika [Bulletin of South Ural State University. Series "Power Engineering"], 2019, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 23-33. (In Russian). doi: 10.14529/power190303
18. Kalm N.A., Nikolaeva E.A., Belyaev A.N. Control of gas piston units under conditions of sharply variable load of the electric power system. Nauchno-tekhnicheskie vedomosti Sankt-Peterburgskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta [Scientific and technical bulletin of the St. Petersburg State Polytechnic university], 2014, no. 1(190), pp. 45-53. (In Russian)
19. Ivanov V.S., Sokolov V.I. Rezhimy potrebleniya i kachestvo elektroenergii sistem elektrosnabzheniya promyshlennykh predpriyatiy [Consumption modes and quality of electricity in power supply systems of industrial enterprises]. Moscow, Energoatomizdat Publ., 1987. 336 p. (In Russian)
20. Kornilov G.P., Gazizova O.V., Loginov B.M. Study of the system for regulating the excitation of synchronous generators of factory power plants. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Elektromekhanika [Bulletin of Higher Educational Institutions. Electromechanics], 2023, vol. 66, no. 1, pp. 72-79. (In Russian). doi: 10.17213/0136-3360-2023-1-72-79
21. Bulanova O.V., Malafeev A.V., Rotanova Yu.N., Tarasov V.M. Analysis of transient regimes of power supply systems of industrial enterprises that include small-scale energy facilities. Promyshlennaya energetika. [Industrial power engineering], 2010, no. 4, pp. 22-28. (In Russian)
22. Rotanova, Yu.N. Povyshenie ustoichivosti sistemy elektrosnabzheniya promyshlennogo predpriyatiya s sobstvennymi elektrostantsiyami pri korotrikh zamykaniyakh. Kand. Diss. [Increasing the stability of the power supply system of an industrial enterprise with its own power plants during short circuits. Kand. Diss.]. Magnitogorsk, 2008.
23. Gazizova O.V., Kondrashova Yu.N., Malafeev A.V. Increasing the efficiency of control of power plant modes of an industrial energy hub by predicting static and dynamic stability when changing the network configuration. Elektrotekhnicheskie sistemy i kompleksy [Electrotechnical systems and complexes], 2016, no. 3(32), pp. 27-38. (In Russian). doi: 10.18503/2311-8318-2016-3(32)-27-38
24. Gazizova O.V., Allayarov A.A., Kondrashova Yu.N., Patshin N.T. Determination of the boundaries of dynamic stability of generators of an industrial power plant taking into account the motor load. Elektrotekhnicheskie sistemy i kompleksy [Electrotechnical systems and complexes], 2018, no. 2(39), pp. 34-41. (In Russian). doi: 10.18503/2311-8318-2018-2(39)-34-41
25. Tarasov V.M. Povyshenie effektivnosti upravleniya ekspluatatsionnymi rezhimami system elektrosnabzheniya promyshlennykh predpriyatiy s rezkoperemennoy nagruzkoy. Kand. Diss. [Increasing the efficiency of management of operating modes of power supply systems of industrial enterprises with rapidly varying loads. Kand. Diss.]. Magnitogorsk, 2012, 179 p.
Gazizova O.V., Patshin N.T., Kurbanov A.R., Kirov A.O., Dyakov D.A. Operational Feasibility of Local Power Plants with Variable Load. Elektrotekhnicheskie sistemy i kompleksy [Electrotechnical Systems and Complexes], 2024, no. 4(65), pp. 40-46. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.18503/2311-8318-2024-4(65)-40-46