Abstract
The study considers the problem of identifying the type and location of a short circuit in distribution electrical networks with a limited number of centralized synchronized phasor measurement sources. An overview of existing backup methods in the electric grid has been given, and the need to raise the issue of using centralized protection at the energy district level has been shown. The concept of centralized protection of long-range resonance based on synchronized phasor measurements has been described. The main idea of centralized remote backup protection is to use two algorithms: detection of short circuit location and the type of short circuit. To illustrate the operation of the short-circuit location detection algorithm in the presence of several loops in the controlled electrical network and the presence of measurements on all power sources of this network, a model of a 110 kV multi-looped power system consisting of 7 nodes and 3 power sources has been used. To check the operability of the proposed centralized protection, namely, the operation of the short-circuit point localization method in the electrical network, a program has been scripted that performs calculations for the localization of the short-circuit point according to the proposed algorithm. The program implements the possibility of making an error in current and voltage measurements. Testing have been carried out for two cases: without errors in current and voltage measurements and with errors in measurements. The errors of measuring instruments have been modeled using the Monte Carlo method. As a result of testing, it has been revealed that the accuracy of the developed short-circuit localization method directly depends on the distance to the power source.
Keywords
electric power system, short circuit, synchronized phasor measurements, relay protection
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