Abstract
The article is concerned with the technical application of ultrasound in liquids with different initial states. The conditions for the vortex movement of the liquid under the influence of ultrasound are formulated, practical application of such a phenomenon is shown and real results are obtained, which can be used for further research. Ultrasound can be used as one of the methods of cold degassing for liquids along with traditional methods such as vacuumization, boiling, addition of sodium sulfite Na2SO3. The mode of the liquid exposure to ultrasound depends on the initial state of this liquid, and the further behavior of physical phenomena in this liquid will be different. It is important to know this behavior when it is used in industry in various electrical installations. The cavitation mode exists as long as there is a gas in the liquid. The sound wind mode occurs as long as there is a very small amount of gas in the liquid, and cavitation provides minimal resistance to acoustic flow. To generate ultrasonic vibrations, a new, promising ultrasonic transistor generator with bias of the power part was used, which makes it possible to work with different ultrasound emitters, both magnetostrictive and piezoelectric. When working on a piezoelectric load, it is simply necessary to turn off the bias control and turn on the decoupling transformer in the output stage of the power part. Ultrasonic generators built according to the power scheme presented in the work can be used in the food industry for the purpose of intensifying technological processes at low energy costs, which is economically beneficial for food producers. Using high-intensity ultrasound, it is possible to replace such technological processes as heat treatment, heating, the use of chemical reagents, as well as replacing the use of pumps to generate centrifugal force.
Keywords
Ultrasonic generator, bias, cavitation, sound wind, vortex motion, acoustic flow, Reynolds number, degassing.
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