Abstract
Direct start-up of any induction squirrel-cage motors is characterized by the occurrence of peak inrush currents and weakly damped oscillations of the electromagnetic torque, which can lead to voltage drops, deterioration of the winding insulation, shock, beating, resonant oscillations of mechanical equipment. These words are true not only for three-phase motors, which are common in the industry, but also for two-phase and single-phase motors, a special case of which are low-power capacitor motors that are indispensable in everyday life and in auxiliary systems. Two-phase motors are not widely used, but they are a controlled analogue of single-phase motors and therefore can subsequently replace them in many areas of application. Another possible application of two-phase motors is the replacement of DC motors in traction drives used in mechanical equipment of the metallurgical, mining, electric transport industries, that is, those areas where electrical and mechanical loads have the most negative impact. Their reduction or elimination will always be an urgent scientific and technical task. The purpose of the article is to determine the possibility of reducing the starting currents and moments of a two-phase asynchronous motor due to the sequence of voltage supply to each stator winding. To achieve this, a computer model of direct start-up of a two-phase motor was developed, the necessary studies were carried out and the requirements for the sequence of connection to the network were determined. To study the mathematical model, the Matlab Simulink software package was used. Studies have shown that a delay in connecting the second phase of a two-phase motor to the network significantly reduces the maximum current and torque values and eliminates their initial fluctuations. However, unlike three-phase motors, the angle of the initial phase displacement has a decisive effect, which imposes an additional requirement on a rational system of direct starting of two-phase asynchronous motors.
Keywords
Two-phase asynchronous motor, single-phase motor, computer model, direct start, torque fluctuations, starting current, angle of initial phase shift.
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